Bottom-up energy system models applied to sustainable islands

This paper reviews the existing bottom-up energy system models applied at island level. The aim of is to answer following research questions: i) which are mostly used level? ii) Are national scale also for applications? If yes, type additional constraints or adaptations implemented? iii) A classification these will be provided in paper. iv) Which main challenges insular EnergyPLAN, unit commitment and HOMER. Almost 37% analysed studies present specifically designed applications. remaining part utilizes originally Country (47%) micro-grid (16%) level required by applications have been identified be: reliability robustness power grid, water desalination, vehicle demand response maritime transport. results shown that more frequently implemented In particular, capable take directly into account grid while such as HOMER H 2 RES use alternative simplified methods based on indicators them. • Energy islands require constraints. These islands. Challenge: resolution time, space, techno-economic detail sector coupling.